• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a device for granulating coarse material, which can comprise powdery solids such as powder, grain or mixtures of the like, the device for granulating a rotatable and / or oscillatable rotor (1) and a sieve (2) and the rotor (1) is designed so that the rotor (1) can push the coarse material through the sieve (2) in order to be able to obtain a granulate with a smaller granulate dimension compared to the coarse material, characterized in that the device for granulating a automatic distance adjusting device for adjusting a distance (13) between the rotor (1) and the sieve (2), which is designed so that the distance (13) between the rotor (1) and the sieve (2) up to an immediate Contact can be reduced and then the distance (13) can be increased to a predetermined target distance. A particularly high production efficiency and granulate quality can be achieved in this way.
    公开号:CH712426B1
    申请号:CH01112/17
    申请日:2016-03-03
    公开日:2020-07-31
    发明作者:Schmidt Alexander
    申请人:Alexanderwerk Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a device for granulating coarse material according to the preamble of the main claim.
    In the chemical, pharmaceutical and basic industries, powdery solids such as powder, grain or mixtures of the like are used as raw materials to form smaller units, e.g. Processed tablets. Problems with further processing can arise, in particular, from the high proportion of air or poor flowability. Therefore, the powdery raw material is usually first compacted and granulated before further processing. For this purpose, the raw material is regularly dosed precisely by means of a screw feed and is constantly fed to the press rolls of a roller press. By pressing the powdery raw material between two press rollers, a homogeneous, solid, highly dense and usually band-shaped, coarse material is obtained as an intermediate product, also known as a "scab". The flake produced by the compaction is granulated to the desired particle size range via single or multi-stage granulators, which press the flake through a sieve by means of a rotor. A free-flowing granulate with a very low proportion of air and a defined grain size can be obtained in this way, which can usually be further processed or pressed into smaller units, such as tablets, even without the use of chemical additives such as binders. Such a granulator can be provided as a separate machine or combined with a compacting device in a single machine.
    The document W00172425 A1 discloses a sieve granulator for coarse material.
    [0004] A distance between the rotor and the sieve is usually set manually. The production efficiency and granulate quality are therefore usually subject to fluctuations.
    [0005] The aforementioned features known from the prior art can be combined individually or in any combination with one of the objects according to the invention described below.
    It is the object of the invention to provide a further developed device for granulation.
    A device for granulation according to claim 1 is used to achieve the object. Advantageous embodiments result from the dependent claims.
    To solve the problem, a device for granulating coarse material, which powdery solids such as powder, grain or mixtures may include the like and which can be generated by pressing or compacting by means of press rollers of the powdery solid, the device for granulating a comprises rotatable and / or oscillating rotor and a sieve and the rotor is designed so that the rotor can convey or push the lumpy material through the sieve in order to obtain a granulate with a smaller granulate piece dimension compared to the lumpy material, the device for granulation comprises an automatic distance adjusting device for adjusting a distance between the rotor and the sieve, which is designed such that the distance between the rotor and the sieve is or can be reduced up to a direct contact of the rotor with the sieve and thereafter letting the distance is or can be increased to a predetermined target distance.
    With sieve is usually meant a flat component of small thickness with sieve openings. A perforated sheet metal is therefore just like a mesh formed by wires a sieve in the sense of the present application and can also advantageously be implemented in this way.
    Conveying lumpy material through the sieve means that the lumpy material is caused by the rotor to traverse sieve openings which are narrower than the majority of the lumpy material and thus to be comminuted. As a rule, such conveying takes place by directly pressing the lumpy material through the rotor or a part of the rotor against one side of the screen in an area with screen openings, the rotor remaining systematically spaced from the screen at all times during the process and thus the Pressure force is transmitted via the coarse material pressed against the sieve itself to the material portions that are located within the sieve openings.
    With automatic is meant that it is in the distance setting device for setting the distance between the rotor and the screen is not a manual setting, but a machine-operated setting.
    As the distance between the rotor and the sieve, the distance is meant at the point at which the rotor and the sieve come into contact first when the rotor and the sieve are moved towards each other.
    Reduced up to an immediate contact means up to an immediate meeting of a part of the rotor with a part of the screen.
    A predetermined target distance is a desired distance between the rotor and the screen, that is, not an arbitrary or arbitrarily chosen distance.
    The fact that with the help of the automatic distance setting device a distance between the rotor and the sieve can be reduced to direct contact and then the distance can be increased to a predetermined target distance, it is made possible that the distance particularly quickly and with little effort can be set because the setting is no longer time-consuming to make by hand. In addition, it can be set in a particularly reproducible and precise manner, in particular in the tenths of a millimeter. In particular, the target distance is 0.05 to 10 mm, preferably at least 0.1 mm, preferably up to 1 mm.
    An always high effectiveness of the device for granulation and reproducible granulate quality can be achieved in this way. Because the effectiveness and granulate quality are regularly influenced by the distance between the rotor and the sieve. In addition, a short distance can lead to damage to the device, for example, and too great a distance can cause cardboarding and an unplanned flow of material through the device.
    Gentle granulation with a particularly low fines content, which would otherwise have to be separated out and compacted, can be achieved in this way. In addition, a particularly narrow powder or grain size distribution for a particularly high flowability of the granulate can thus be made possible.
    Furthermore, a particularly high flow and adhesiveness e.g. can be achieved during compression into tablets and the uniformity of the granules that can be achieved in this way enables high dosing accuracy and homogeneous distribution of the active ingredients. Ultimately, the health impact on employees in production as well as machine wear caused by fine dust formation can be kept particularly low.
    The distance setting device preferably comprises a contact sensor for detecting direct contact between the rotor and the sieve.
    A contact sensor for detecting direct contact between the rotor and the sieve can ensure reliable detection of a zero distance and thus avoid damage to the rotor or the sieve due to a collision. A zero distance means that the screen is making contact with the rotor.
    The distance setting device preferably comprises a displacement sensor which is able to detect or measure the change in the distance between the rotor and the sieve. In one embodiment, the distance sensor is used to control the increase in the distance to a predetermined target distance in order to be able to set the desired target distance with improved accuracy. With the aid of the displacement sensor, in one embodiment, the reduction in the distance is controlled until the rotor comes into direct contact with the sieve, in order to avoid damage when a zero distance is reached. In the case of reducing the distance, the distance is preferably first reduced at a higher speed. If the distance falls below a minimum, the reduction in the distance is slowed down. This embodiment makes it possible, in a particularly short time, to reduce the distance up to direct contact of the rotor with the sieve without having to accept an increased risk of damage.
    [0022] The displacement sensor can be an optical sensor. The displacement sensor is preferably an inductive sensor, since it is less sensitive to contamination.
    The distance setting device preferably comprises a drive for increasing or decreasing the distance between the rotor and the sieve and / or a data processing device for regulating the drive on the basis of signals from the contact sensor.
    With a drive is meant in particular an electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motor, usually with a gear, which applies a drive force based on a control signal to a shaft, e.g. Rotor shaft, can be transmitted.
    Control of the drive means a planned increase or decrease of the distance between the rotor and the sieve, e.g. stopping the drive at a distance of zero (zero distance) and stopping the drive when the target distance is reached.
    An automatic reduction of the distance to zero can thus be achieved particularly easily.
    Preferably, the data processing device is set up so that a current distance value when driving the drive to increase the distance between the rotor and the sieve can be calculated on the basis of the control signal to the drive and used to control the drive. In particular, the number of control signals or the duration and strength of the control signal can be used as a basis for the calculation.
    Automatic enlargement of the distance to the target distance can thus be implemented in a particularly simple and reliable manner.
    In particular, the distance setting device provides an input unit, e.g. Keyboard and / or output unit, e.g. Display, in front to be able to set a target distance.
    Preferably, several target distances can be stored as a basis for regulating the drive in a data processing device of the distance setting device, or several target distances are stored and / or the data processing device is set up so that at least one parameter can be entered by the user into the data processing device and the Data processing device independently selects a certain target distance as a function of the at least one input parameter and uses it as a basis for regulating the drive.
    A parameter can e.g. the coarse material to be processed, the type of screen used and / or the screen opening width and / or the rotation speed of the rotor.
    In particular, an algorithm, a calibration curve or logical selection criteria can be stored in the data processing device for the independent selection of a target distance as a function of the at least one input parameter.
    The fact that by entering one or more parameters automatically or independently a target distance from a number of stored target distances or target distance values is selected by the data processing device, a continuous, identical setting and constant production method for the same products but different production times can be made possible. In this way, target distances can be made particularly user-friendly, easy and with little effort for the user on the basis of the parameter to be entered and usually known to the user, e.g. material to be processed and / or currently used sieve can be selected. The user can thus dispense with selecting the target distance using tables or algorithms etc. on the basis of the at least one parameter.
    In one embodiment, the device independently determines one or more parameters such as the type of sieve used.
    Preferably, the contact sensor is a vibration sensor for measuring vibration amplitudes and / or the device for granulation is set up so that the rotor, in particular, is automatically set in rotation and / or oscillation for setting the distance between the rotor and the sieve by the distance setting device can be or is displaced or a rotation and / or oscillation continues for the time of setting.
    With vibration is meant a high-frequency, alternating movement or vibration of a component. A vibration amplitude describes the deflection in units of length of a vibrating element from the normal position.
    Several advantages can be achieved by using a vibration sensor as a contact sensor.
    First, the conditions can be created for the contact sensor or vibration sensor to be arranged outside of areas that come into contact with the material to be processed. Contamination, damage or impairment of the sensor can thus be avoided and a particularly high level of reliability and durability can be achieved.
    Secondly, a vibration sensor can be used not only for zero-distance detection of rotor and sieve, but at the same time as a bonus effect for monitoring the production process or granulating process. Such monitoring can detect clogging of the sieve, undesired foreign bodies in the material to be processed as well as rotor bearing wear or rotor-sieve collisions.
    In particular, for the purpose of such monitoring, running upper and / or lower tolerance thresholds of the vibration amplitude or vibration characteristics with regard to e.g. the ascertainable frequencies or frequency spectra are used. In particular, a speed of rotation and / or speed of oscillation for the rotor can be set for the period of the setting.
    Because the granulation device is set up so that the distance between the rotor and the sieve is set by the distance setting device when the rotor is rotating and / or oscillating, it is particularly easy to ensure that a particularly strong and consistent vibration sensor signal can be obtained.
    In particular, the granulation device is set up so that no material is fed to the rotor when the distance between the rotor and the sieve is set by the distance setting device.
    A particularly precise setting of the target distance can thus be achieved.
    The vibration sensor is preferably arranged or fastened on a rotor shaft of the rotor, preferably directly on the rotor shaft, and / or in an area of the device for granulation which does not come into contact with the coarse material or granules.
    The fact that the vibration sensor is arranged on the rotor shaft of the rotor and / or in a region of the device for granulation that does not come into contact with the lumpy material or granulate, i.e. not on the sieve or on the rotor or on the rotor shaft beyond one Sealing to the device housing, soiling, damage or impairment of the sensor can be avoided and a particularly high level of reliability and durability can be achieved. In addition, particularly reliable monitoring of the manufacturing process is possible.
    The distance setting device is preferably set up such that the distance between the rotor and the screen is reduced or increased by moving or pivoting the screen.
    Movement means a relative movement relative to the rotor. Pivoting is usually a rotation about an axis, in particular an eccentric axis.
    Because the distance is implemented by moving or pivoting the screen and not by moving the rotor together with the rotor shaft, a particularly reliable seal of the rotor shaft against the ingress of processing material into the device housing can be achieved particularly easily.
    In addition, granulation devices can be retrofitted with particularly little effort.
    As an alternative or in addition, a reduction or increase in the distance between the rotor and the sieve can also take place by moving the rotor, even if this embodiment is less preferred.
    Preferably, a drive of the distance adjustment device comprises a stepping motor and / or a gear with an eccentric.
    A stepping motor is an electric motor which, by means of a defined control signal, makes one revolution through an exactly predetermined angular range, e.g. 1⁄4 turn. The number of control signals can thus be correlated particularly easily with the number of revolutions. A stepper motor can be a synchronous motor. A gear with eccentric can be realized by a drive shaft with an oval cross-section or an eccentric bearing. A particularly simple conversion of a rotary drive movement of the motor into a translational movement or a pivoting of the screen can thus be made possible.
    By using a stepper motor, the current distance value when driving a drive to increase the distance between the rotor and the sieve on the basis of the duration and / or the strength of the control signal to the drive can be determined particularly easily and reliably.
    A stepper motor also allows a particularly slow and precise drive movement, e.g. Procedure of the sieve. Damage to the rotor and the sieve when approaching the zero distance can thus be counteracted.
    Preferably, the granulation device comprises an analysis device for analyzing the granules produced, e.g. Granulate piece dimension, and generation of at least one analysis value, e.g. Granulate size and / or the data processing device is set up such that at least one analysis value, in particular by the data processing device, can be used as a basis for regulating the drive.
    By means of an analysis device for analyzing the granules produced and generating at least one analysis value, the prerequisite for readjusting the distance between the rotor and the sieve can be created.
    By a data processing device which is set up so that at least one analysis value, e.g. Granulate size, which is used as the basis for controlling the drive, can be readjusted during the ongoing production process in order to continuously achieve a high level of effectiveness and product quality.
    In principle, the rotor rotates during operation and can optionally also oscillate. However, oscillation can also be sufficient to granulate.The features mentioned in the introduction to the description, the embodiments, the description of the figures, together with the exemplary embodiments and configurations described below, as well as in the claims can be used both individually and combined with one another in any desired manner.
    The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment of a device for granulating shown schematically in the drawing and the embodiments and additional advantageous configurations are described in more detail with reference to the drawing.
    It shows:<tb> <SEP> Figure 1: Detailed view of the rotor-sieve area of a device for granulation
    FIG. 1 shows a partial view of a device for granulation, in which a cover plate is hidden which would otherwise cover the rotor 1 and the sieve 2.
    The illustrated device for granulating is a combination machine that can compact and granulate, the powdery or fine-grained raw material first being preprocessed by two press rollers to form a homogeneous, solid, high-density, band-shaped, coarse material or scab and then via the funnel 10 is fed to the rotor 1, which presses the scab through the sieve 2 in the form of a supported sieve fabric or perforated special sheet in order to obtain granules with the desired granule piece dimensions. In particular, the device is a two-stage granulator with two rotor-sieve assemblies arranged vertically one above the other.
    In particular, the rotor 1 is designed as a rotating cage comprising two spaced apart rotor rings coaxially to the rotor axis of rotation 5, which preferably have a polygonal outer contour, in particular a hexagonal outer contour. The two rotor rings are connected to one another by rotor strips 9, which results in a cage-like structure of the rotor 1. In particular, the rotor strips 9 are aligned at an acute angle to the tangential. Coarse material can reach the rotor 1 via the funnel 10 arranged above the rotor 1. Due to the high speed of rotation of the rotor 1, the coarse material falling on the rotor 1 is conveyed or deflected by the rotor strips 9 in the direction of rotation 12 and thrown against the screen 2. Because the material is fed in faster than the material flow through the sieve 2, a layer of coarse material forms on the sieve 2.
    As soon as this layer reaches the thickness of the distance 13 between the rotor 1 and the sieve 2, the coarse material is pressed by the rotor 1 or the rotor strips 9 through the sieve 2 or the sieve insert with sieve openings. In this way, pre-comminution takes place via the rotor strips 9 by crushing and conveying into the working gap or distance 13 between rotor 1 and screen 2.
    In particular, the screen 2 is U-shaped and / or inclined from 15 ° to 45 °, preferably 30 °, in the direction of rotation of the rotor 12. As a result, a particularly large, effectively acting work surface for granulation can be obtained. This enables particularly high efficiency as well as gentle and low-fine-grain size reduction.
    In particular, the screen 2 is rotatably mounted about a screen rotation axis 6 at the same or at least approximately the same height as the rotor rotation axis 5.
    In particular, the distance between the sieve axis of rotation 6 and the rotor axis of rotation 5 is greater than the sum of half the outer rotor diameter and the target distance between rotor 1 and sieve 2.
    In particular, the screen 2 has a radial recess at the same or at least approximately the same height as the screen axis of rotation 6, which is preferably integrated in a screen support frame 11 of the screen 2. The recess preferably has a U-shape rotated 90 ° in the radial direction, preferably with side walls which are bevelled in a V-like manner.
    In particular, an eccentric 15 in the form of an eccentric shaft rotatable about an eccentric axis 7 runs within the U-shaped recess of the screen 2 and coaxially to the rotor axis of rotation 5. The eccentric is preferably always in direct contact with at least one side wall, preferably with both side walls of the recess of the screen 2.
    If the eccentric 15 rotates about the eccentric axis of rotation 7, the screen is pivoted up or down about the screen axis of rotation 6 by the eccentric movement 15 and the distance 13 between rotor 1 and screen 2 is larger or smaller.
    The device shown for the granulation of coarse material, which can comprise powdery solids such as powder, grain or mixtures of the like, has an automatic distance setting device for setting a distance 13 between the rotor 1 and the sieve 2, which is designed so that the distance 13 between the rotor 1 and the screen 2 can be reduced up to direct contact and then the distance 13 can be increased to a predetermined target distance.
    In particular, the distance 13 is to be used as decisive for the above-described distance setting at that location at which the rotor 1 and the screen 2 when pivoting the screen 2 in the direction of the rotor 1 with the rotating rotor 1 with the largest possible outer diameter 12 of the rotor 1 as first meets or comes into contact.
    A stepper motor is used as the drive for the eccentric 15, via which the enlargement and reduction of the distance 13 is realized by pivoting the screen 2, which can rotate through a specified angle as a result of a control signal.
    A vibration sensor is attached to the rotor shaft of the rotor 1 within the housing 4 (in FIG. 1 on the opposite side of the illustrated wall of the housing 4) and is protected there from contamination and damage. The rotor shaft is firmly connected to the rotor 1 by a screw connection 14 coaxial with the rotor axis of rotation 5, where the vibrations of the rotor 1 are transmitted to the rotor shaft with only little loss.
    In particular, an analysis device is provided for dimensioning granulate pieces, that is to say for measuring the dimensions of individual granulate pieces. An analysis value in the form of a continuous mean value over several measurements can be calculated and output by the analysis device.
    The distance setting device comprises a central data processing device which can process the signals from the vibration sensor and an analysis value from the analysis device and which can activate and operate the stepper motor via a control signal.
    The data processing device comprises a user interface with keyboard and display. Several target distances can be stored and assigned parameters, e.g. raw material to be processed, are logically linked in such a way that the corresponding target distance for particularly effective granulation is automatically selected by entering one or more parameters and used as a basis for setting the distance 13.
    In practice the user gives e.g. the currently processed material and activates the automatic setting. The rotor 1 is then set in rotation. Next, the data processing device will send control signals to the stepper motor until the vibration sensor measures vibration amplitudes which, based on preset threshold values, indicate direct contact between rotor 1 and screen 2. At the moment when the rotor 1 comes into direct contact with the sieve 2, there is a rapid increase in the vibration amplitude, which enables reliable detection without any significant time lag.
    The stepping motor is then stopped immediately and the direction of rotation reversed in order to increase the distance 13 between rotor 1 and screen 2 again. This is followed by a predetermined number of control signals to the stepping motor, the predetermined number of control signals corresponding to the underlying target distance. Alternatively, the number of control signals can be converted into a distance value and the stepper motor can be stopped when the target distance is reached. The automatic adjustment of the distance of the device for granulating is now complete. The granulation of material can now be started.
    The data processing device will continue to monitor the signals of the vibration sensor with regard to preprogrammed monitoring algorithms for the detection of material jams up to damaged rotor bearings even during the orderly production operation.
    If an analysis device is implemented, the data processing device will also monitor the analysis value in a similar manner during normal production operation in order to optimize the distance 13 between rotor 1 and sieve 2 during operation, if necessary.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    1. A device for granulating lumpy material, which may comprise powdery solids, the device for granulating a rotatable and / or oscillatable rotor (1) and a sieve (2) and the rotor (1) being designed so that the rotor (1) can push the coarse material through the sieve (2) in order to be able to obtain a granulate with a smaller granulate dimension compared to the coarse material, characterized in that the device for granulation has an automatic distance setting device for setting a distance (13) between the rotor (1) and the sieve (2), which is set up, the distance (13) between the rotor (1) and the sieve (2) up to a direct contact of the rotor (1) with the sieve (2) to reduce and then to increase the distance (13) to a predetermined target distance.
    [2]
    2. Device for granulation according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the distance setting device comprises a contact sensor for detecting direct contact between the rotor (1) and the sieve (2).
    [3]
    3. Device for granulation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance setting device has a drive for increasing or decreasing the distance (13) between the rotor (1) and sieve (2) and / or a data processing device for controlling a drive or the drive the distance setting device on the basis of signals from a contact sensor of the distance setting device.
    [4]
    4. Device for granulation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device comprises a data processing device which is set up so that a current distance value when controlling a drive to increase the distance (13) between the rotor (1) and the sieve (2) can be calculated on the basis of a control signal to the drive and used to control the drive.
    [5]
    5. Device for granulation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance setting device comprises a data processing device in which several target distances can be stored as a basis for regulating a drive of the distance setting device and / or which is set up so that at least one parameter is set by the User can be entered into the data processing device and the data processing device independently selects a specific target distance as a function of the at least one input parameter and uses it as a basis for controlling a drive or the drive of the distance setting device.
    [6]
    6. The device for granulation according to claim 2, characterized in that the contact sensor is a vibration sensor for measuring vibration amplitudes and / or the device for granulation is set up so that for setting the distance (13) between the rotor (1) and the Sieve (2) can be set in rotation (12) and / or oscillation by the distance adjustment device of the rotor (1).
    [7]
    7. Device for granulation according to claim 6, characterized in that the vibration sensor is arranged on a rotor shaft of the rotor (1) and / or is arranged in an area of the device for granulation which does not come into contact with the coarse material or granulate.
    [8]
    8. Device for granulation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance setting device is set up so that a reduction or increase in the distance (13) between the rotor (1) and the sieve (2) by a movement or pivoting ( 8) of the sieve.
    [9]
    9. Device for granulation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device comprises an analysis device for analyzing the granules produced and generating at least one analysis value.
    [10]
    10. Device for granulation according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the device comprises a data processing device which is set up so that at least one analysis value can be used as a basis for regulating a drive of the distance setting device.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    WO2016142251A1|2016-09-15|
    DE102015205642A1|2016-09-15|
    US10758914B2|2020-09-01|
    JP2018507781A|2018-03-22|
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    CN107530663A|2018-01-02|
    JP6791560B2|2020-11-25|
    CA2978825A1|2016-09-15|
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    法律状态:
    2021-03-15| AEPS| Partial waiver|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102015204289|2015-03-10|
    DE102015205642.2A|DE102015205642A1|2015-03-10|2015-03-27|Apparatus for producing a granulate|
    PCT/EP2016/054488|WO2016142251A1|2015-03-10|2016-03-03|Device for producing a granulate|
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